Feeding_control_system/opc/opcua_client_subscription.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
OPC UA 客户端订阅模式示例
使用订阅机制实现实时数据更新
"""

from opcua import Client, Subscription
from opcua.ua import DataChangeNotification
import time
import sys
import threading

class SubHandler:
    """
    订阅处理器，处理数据变化通知
    """
    def __init__(self):
        self.data_changes = {}
        self.change_count = 0
        # 缓存节点名称，避免在回调中频繁查询
        self.node_names = {}
    
    def datachange_notification(self, node, val, data):
        """
        数据变化时的回调函数
        
        注意：此函数在订阅线程中调用，必须快速返回，避免耗时操作
        """
        self.change_count += 1
        
        # 从缓存获取节点名称，避免发起网络请求
        node_id = str(node)
        if node_id in self.node_names:
            node_name = self.node_names[node_id]
        else:
            # 如果缓存中没有，尝试从节点ID中提取名称（备用方案）
            node_name = node_id
        
        # 存储数据变化
        self.data_changes[node_name] = {
            'value': val,
            'timestamp': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'),
            'node_id': node_id
        }
        
        print(f"🔔 数据变化 #{self.change_count}")
        print(f"   节点: {node_name}")
        print(f"   数值: {val}")
        print(f"   时间: {self.data_changes[node_name]['timestamp']}")
        print("-" * 50)

class OPCUAClientSubscription:
    """
    使用订阅机制的 OPC UA 客户端
    """
    def __init__(self, server_url="opc.tcp://localhost:4840/zjsh_feed/server/"):
        self.client = Client(server_url)
        self.connected = False
        self.subscription = None
        self.handler = SubHandler()
        self.monitored_nodes = {}
        
    def connect(self):
        """连接到服务器"""
        try:
            self.client.connect()
            self.connected = True
            print(f"✅ 成功连接到 OPC UA 服务器: {self.client.server_url}")
            return True
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"❌ 连接服务器失败: {e}")
            return False
            
    def disconnect(self):
        """断开连接"""
        if self.subscription:
            self.subscription.delete()
            print("🗑️  已删除订阅")
            
        if self.connected:
            self.client.disconnect()
            self.connected = False
            print("🔌 已断开与 OPC UA 服务器的连接")
            
    def setup_subscription(self, publishing_interval=500):
        """
        设置订阅
        
        Args:
            publishing_interval: 发布间隔（毫秒）
        """
        if not self.connected:
            print("请先连接到服务器")
            return False
            
        try:
            # 创建订阅
            self.subscription = self.client.create_subscription(publishing_interval, self.handler)
            print(f"📡 已创建订阅，发布间隔: {publishing_interval}ms")
            
            # 获取要监控的节点
            objects = self.client.get_objects_node()
            upper_device = objects.get_child("2:upper")
            lower_device = objects.get_child("2:lower")
            
            # 订阅重量数据
            upper_weight_node = upper_device.get_child("2:upper_weight")
            lower_weight_node = lower_device.get_child("2:lower_weight")
            
            # 【关键优化】在订阅前预获取并缓存节点名称，避免回调中发起网络请求
            try:
                upper_name = upper_weight_node.get_display_name().Text
            except Exception:
                upper_name = "upper_weight"
            
            try:
                lower_name = lower_weight_node.get_display_name().Text
            except Exception:
                lower_name = "lower_weight"
            
            # 缓存节点名称
            self.handler.node_names[str(upper_weight_node)] = upper_name
            self.handler.node_names[str(lower_weight_node)] = lower_name
            
            print(f"📋 已缓存节点名称: {upper_name}, {lower_name}")
            
            # 开始监控
            upper_handle = self.subscription.subscribe_data_change(upper_weight_node)
            lower_handle = self.subscription.subscribe_data_change(lower_weight_node)
            
            self.monitored_nodes = {
                'upper_weight': {'node': upper_weight_node, 'handle': upper_handle},
                'lower_weight': {'node': lower_weight_node, 'handle': lower_handle}
            }
            
            print(f"📊 已订阅 {len(self.monitored_nodes)} 个数据节点")
            return True
            
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"❌ 设置订阅失败: {e}")
            import traceback
            traceback.print_exc()
            return False
            
    def get_current_values(self):
        """获取当前值"""
        if not self.monitored_nodes:
            return {}
            
        values = {}
        for name, info in self.monitored_nodes.items():
            try:
                values[name] = info['node'].get_value()
            except Exception as e:
                values[name] = f"读取失败: {e}"
                
        return values
        
    def run_subscription_test(self, duration=30):
        """
        运行订阅测试
        
        Args:
            duration: 测试持续时间（秒）
        """
        if not self.setup_subscription():
            return
            
        print(f"\n🚀 开始订阅模式测试，持续 {duration} 秒...")
        print("💡 等待数据变化通知...")
        print("=" * 60)
        
        start_time = time.time()
        last_stats_time = start_time
        
        try:
            while time.time() - start_time < duration:
                current_time = time.time()
                
                # 每5秒显示一次统计信息
                if current_time - last_stats_time >= 5:
                    elapsed = current_time - start_time
                    changes_per_minute = (self.handler.change_count / elapsed) * 60 if elapsed > 0 else 0
                    
                    print(f"\n📈 统计信息 (运行时间: {elapsed:.1f}s)")
                    print(f"   总变化次数: {self.handler.change_count}")
                    print(f"   变化频率: {changes_per_minute:.1f} 次/分钟")
                    
                    if self.handler.data_changes:
                        print(f"   最新数据:")
                        for name, data in list(self.handler.data_changes.items())[-2:]:  # 显示最后2个
                            print(f"     {name}: {data['value']} ({data['timestamp']})")
                    
                    last_stats_time = current_time
                
                time.sleep(0.1)  # 小延迟避免CPU占用过高
                
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("\n⏹️  测试被用户中断")
            
        finally:
            print(f"\n🏁 测试完成")
            print(f"📊 总变化次数: {self.handler.change_count}")
            print(f"⏱️  平均变化频率: {(self.handler.change_count / duration) * 60:.1f} 次/分钟")

def main():
    """主函数"""
    client = OPCUAClientSubscription("opc.tcp://localhost:4840/zjsh_feed/server/")
    
    try:
        # 连接到服务器
        if not client.connect():
            return
            
        # 运行订阅测试
        client.run_subscription_test(duration=60)  # 运行60秒
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"❌ 客户端运行错误: {e}")
        import traceback
        traceback.print_exc()
    finally:
        client.disconnect()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        server_url = sys.argv[1]
        client = OPCUAClientSubscription(server_url)
    else:
        client = OPCUAClientSubscription()
        
    try:
        main()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"❌ 客户端运行错误: {e}")
        sys.exit(1)