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opc/opcua_client_subscription.py
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203
opc/opcua_client_subscription.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""
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OPC UA 客户端订阅模式示例
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使用订阅机制实现实时数据更新
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"""
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from opcua import Client, Subscription
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from opcua.ua import DataChangeNotification
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import time
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import sys
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import threading
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class SubHandler:
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"""
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订阅处理器，处理数据变化通知
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"""
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def __init__(self):
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self.data_changes = {}
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self.change_count = 0
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def datachange_notification(self, node, val, data):
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"""
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数据变化时的回调函数
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"""
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self.change_count += 1
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node_name = node.get_display_name().Text
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self.data_changes[node_name] = {
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'value': val,
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'timestamp': time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'),
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'node_id': str(node)
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}
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print(f"🔔 数据变化 #{self.change_count}")
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print(f" 节点: {node_name}")
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print(f" 数值: {val}")
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print(f" 时间: {self.data_changes[node_name]['timestamp']}")
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print(f" 节点ID: {node}")
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print("-" * 50)
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class OPCUAClientSubscription:
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"""
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使用订阅机制的 OPC UA 客户端
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"""
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def __init__(self, server_url="opc.tcp://localhost:4840/zjsh_feed/server/"):
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self.client = Client(server_url)
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self.connected = False
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self.subscription = None
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self.handler = SubHandler()
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self.monitored_nodes = {}
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def connect(self):
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"""连接到服务器"""
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try:
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self.client.connect()
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self.connected = True
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print(f"✅ 成功连接到 OPC UA 服务器: {self.client.server_url}")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 连接服务器失败: {e}")
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return False
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def disconnect(self):
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"""断开连接"""
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if self.subscription:
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self.subscription.delete()
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print("🗑️ 已删除订阅")
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if self.connected:
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self.client.disconnect()
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self.connected = False
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print("🔌 已断开与 OPC UA 服务器的连接")
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def setup_subscription(self, publishing_interval=500):
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"""
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设置订阅
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Args:
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publishing_interval: 发布间隔（毫秒）
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"""
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if not self.connected:
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print("请先连接到服务器")
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return False
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try:
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# 创建订阅
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self.subscription = self.client.create_subscription(publishing_interval, self.handler)
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print(f"📡 已创建订阅，发布间隔: {publishing_interval}ms")
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# 获取要监控的节点
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objects = self.client.get_objects_node()
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upper_device = objects.get_child("2:upper")
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lower_device = objects.get_child("2:lower")
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# 订阅重量数据
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upper_weight_node = upper_device.get_child("2:upper_weight")
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lower_weight_node = lower_device.get_child("2:lower_weight")
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# 开始监控
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upper_handle = self.subscription.subscribe_data_change(upper_weight_node)
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lower_handle = self.subscription.subscribe_data_change(lower_weight_node)
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self.monitored_nodes = {
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'upper_weight': {'node': upper_weight_node, 'handle': upper_handle},
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'lower_weight': {'node': lower_weight_node, 'handle': lower_handle}
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}
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print(f"📊 已订阅 {len(self.monitored_nodes)} 个数据节点")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 设置订阅失败: {e}")
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return False
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def get_current_values(self):
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"""获取当前值"""
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if not self.monitored_nodes:
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return {}
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values = {}
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for name, info in self.monitored_nodes.items():
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try:
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values[name] = info['node'].get_value()
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except Exception as e:
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values[name] = f"读取失败: {e}"
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return values
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def run_subscription_test(self, duration=30):
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"""
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运行订阅测试
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Args:
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duration: 测试持续时间（秒）
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"""
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if not self.setup_subscription():
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return
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print(f"\n🚀 开始订阅模式测试，持续 {duration} 秒...")
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print("💡 等待数据变化通知...")
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print("=" * 60)
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start_time = time.time()
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last_stats_time = start_time
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try:
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while time.time() - start_time < duration:
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current_time = time.time()
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# 每5秒显示一次统计信息
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if current_time - last_stats_time >= 5:
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elapsed = current_time - start_time
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changes_per_minute = (self.handler.change_count / elapsed) * 60
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print(f"\n📈 统计信息 (运行时间: {elapsed:.1f}s)")
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print(f" 总变化次数: {self.handler.change_count}")
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print(f" 变化频率: {changes_per_minute:.1f} 次/分钟")
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if self.handler.data_changes:
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print(f" 最新数据:")
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for name, data in list(self.handler.data_changes.items())[-2:]: # 显示最后2个
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print(f" {name}: {data['value']} ({data['timestamp']})")
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last_stats_time = current_time
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time.sleep(0.1) # 小延迟避免CPU占用过高
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except KeyboardInterrupt:
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print("\n⏹️ 测试被用户中断")
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finally:
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print(f"\n🏁 测试完成")
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print(f"📊 总变化次数: {self.handler.change_count}")
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print(f"⏱️ 平均变化频率: {(self.handler.change_count / duration) * 60:.1f} 次/分钟")
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def main():
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"""主函数"""
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client = OPCUAClientSubscription("opc.tcp://localhost:4840/zjsh_feed/server/")
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try:
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# 连接到服务器
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if not client.connect():
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return
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# 运行订阅测试
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client.run_subscription_test(duration=60) # 运行60秒
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"❌ 客户端运行错误: {e}")
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finally:
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client.disconnect()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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if len(sys.argv) > 1:
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server_url = sys.argv[1]
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client = OPCUAClientSubscription(server_url)
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else:
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client = OPCUAClientSubscription()
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try:
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main()
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except KeyboardInterrupt:
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print("\n👋 用户中断程序")
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sys.exit(0)
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