import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D def plot_coordinate_system(ax, T, name, color, labels): """绘制坐标系""" origin = T[:3, 3] x_axis = origin + T[:3, 0] * 300 # X 轴 y_axis = origin + T[:3, 1] * 300 # Y 轴 z_axis = origin + T[:3, 2] * 300 # Z 轴 # 绘制原点 ax.scatter(*origin, color=color, s=100) # 绘制轴线 ax.quiver(*origin, *(x_axis - origin), color='r', length=1, arrow_length_ratio=0.2, linewidth=2) ax.quiver(*origin, *(y_axis - origin), color='g', length=1, arrow_length_ratio=0.2, linewidth=2) ax.quiver(*origin, *(z_axis - origin), color='b', length=1, arrow_length_ratio=0.2, linewidth=2) # 标注坐标系名称 ax.text(*x_axis, f'{labels[0]}', color='r', fontsize=12) ax.text(*y_axis, f'{labels[1]}', color='g', fontsize=12) ax.text(*z_axis, f'{labels[2]}', color='b', fontsize=12) # A 到 B 的齐次转换矩阵 (工具到基坐标系) T_AB = np.array([[-9.36910568e-01,-4.37100341e-03, 3.49541818e-01, 5.04226000e+02], [-5.82144893e-03, 9.99978253e-01, -3.09911034e-03, 2.62300000e+00], [-3.49520671e-01, -4.93842907e-03, -9.36915638e-01, 5.23709000e+02], [ 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, 1.00000000e+00]]) # B 到 C 的齐次转换矩阵 (相机到工具) T_BC = np.loadtxt('./cam_pose.txt', delimiter=' ') # 计算 A 到 C 的齐次转换矩阵 T_AC = T_AB @ T_BC # 输入四个角点的空间坐标 (相机坐标系下) corner_points_camera = np.array([ [-0.07010334103611927, -0.007624093814835717, 0.638128259308727], [0.03136683809654154, 0.003582437967995489, 0.6478950644491274], [0.02505911529466708, 0.04860494901872052, 0.625793874394482], [-0.07246355234803807, 0.03687307395179221, 0.6171704935761987] ]) # 将角点从相机坐标系转换到法兰坐标系 corner_points_flange = np.dot(T_BC[:3, :3], corner_points_camera.T).T + T_BC[:3, 3] # 将角点从法兰坐标系转换到基坐标系 corner_points_base = np.dot(T_AB[:3, :3], corner_points_flange.T).T + T_AB[:3, 3] # 计算每两个相邻角点之间的边向量 edges = np.array([corner_points_base[i] - corner_points_base[i - 1] for i in range(len(corner_points_base))]) # 计算每条边的长度 edge_lengths = np.linalg.norm(edges, axis=1) # 找到最长的边 max_edge_idx = np.argmax(edge_lengths) long_edge_direction = edges[max_edge_idx] / edge_lengths[max_edge_idx] # 单位化方向向量 # 假设法向量 (a, b, c) 在相机坐标系下 normal_vector_camera = np.array([-0.1305,0.38402,0.91404, 0]) # 最后一个元素为0,因为它是方向矢量 # 将法向量从相机坐标系转换到法兰坐标系 normal_vector_flange = T_BC @ normal_vector_camera # 将法向量从法兰坐标系转换到基坐标系 normal_vector_base = T_AB @ normal_vector_flange # 创建 3D 图形对象 fig = plt.figure() ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d') # 设置绘图区域的范围 ax.set_xlim([-1000, 1000]) ax.set_ylim([-1000, 1000]) ax.set_zlim([-1000, 1000]) # 绘制基坐标系 O plot_coordinate_system(ax, np.eye(4), 'O', 'k', ['x', 'y', 'z']) # 绘制法兰坐标系 B plot_coordinate_system(ax, T_AB, 'B', 'm', ["x'", "y'", "z'"]) # 绘制相机坐标系 C plot_coordinate_system(ax, T_AC, 'C', 'b', ["x''", "y''", "z''"]) # 绘制长边方向向量 (基坐标系下) origin = np.zeros(3) # 基坐标系的原点 long_edge_endpoint = long_edge_direction * 300 ax.quiver(*origin, *(long_edge_endpoint), color='orange', length=1, arrow_length_ratio=0.2, linewidth=2) ax.text(*long_edge_endpoint, 'Long Edge', color='orange', fontsize=12) # 绘制法向量 (基坐标系下) normal_vector_endpoint = normal_vector_base[:3] * 300 ax.quiver(*origin, *(normal_vector_endpoint), color='purple', length=1, arrow_length_ratio=0.2, linewidth=2) ax.text(*normal_vector_endpoint, 'Normal Vector', color='purple', fontsize=12) # 在基坐标系下绘制四个角点和边 ax.scatter(corner_points_base[:, 0], corner_points_base[:, 1], corner_points_base[:, 2], color='b', s=50, label='Corners') for i in range(len(corner_points_base)): ax.plot([corner_points_base[i - 1, 0], corner_points_base[i, 0]], [corner_points_base[i - 1, 1], corner_points_base[i, 1]], [corner_points_base[i - 1, 2], corner_points_base[i, 2]], 'k--') # 设置标签 ax.set_xlabel('X') ax.set_ylabel('Y') ax.set_zlabel('Z') # 显示图形 plt.show()