627 lines
25 KiB
Python
627 lines
25 KiB
Python
from copyreg import dispatch_table
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import snap7
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import logging
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from threading import Lock
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import time
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from snap7.util import *
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import ast
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class Snap7Client:
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"""Snap7客户端，处理与PLC的通信"""
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def __init__(self, ip, rack, slot, max_retries=5, retry_base_delay=1):
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"""
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初始化Snap7客户端
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Args:
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ip: PLC IP地址
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rack: Rack编号
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slot: Slot编号
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max_retries: 最大重试次数
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retry_base_delay: 基础重试延迟（秒）
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"""
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self.ip = ip
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self.rack = rack
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self.slot = slot
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self.client = snap7.client.Client()
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self.lock = Lock()
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self.connected = False
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self.max_retries = max_retries
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self.retry_base_delay = retry_base_delay
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self.last_connect_attempt = 0
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self.retry_count = 0
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self.logger = logging.getLogger(f"Snap7Client[{ip}]")
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def is_valid_connection(self):
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"""检查连接是否真正有效"""
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try:
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# 尝试读取PLC的运行状态
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cpu_state = self.client.get_cpu_state()
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print("当前 CPU 状态:", cpu_state)
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return cpu_state in ['S7CpuStatusRun', 'S7CpuStatusStop']
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except:
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return False
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def connect(self):
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"""建立与PLC的连接并验证"""
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current_time = time.time()
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# 指数退避重试
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if self.retry_count > 0:
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delay = min(self.retry_base_delay * (2 ** (self.retry_count - 1)), 30)
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if current_time - self.last_connect_attempt < delay:
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return False # 未到重试时间
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self.last_connect_attempt = current_time
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try:
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with self.lock: # 进入锁，其他线程需等待
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self.client.connect(self.ip, self.rack, self.slot)
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# 验证连接是否真正有效
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if self.client.get_connected() and self.is_valid_connection():
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self.connected = True
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self.retry_count = 0 # 重置重试计数
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self.logger.info(f"Successfully connected to PLC {self.ip}")
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return True
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else:
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self.connected = False
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self.logger.warning(f"Connection to {self.ip} established but PLC is not responding")
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try:
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self.client.disconnect()
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except:
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pass
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return False
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except Exception as e:
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self.retry_count = min(self.retry_count + 1, self.max_retries)
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self.logger.error(f"Connection to {self.ip} failed (attempt {self.retry_count}/{self.max_retries}): {e}")
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self.connected = False
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return False
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def read_db(self, db_number, offset, size):
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"""
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从DB块读取数据
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Args:
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db_number: DB编号
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offset: 起始偏移量
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size: 读取字节数
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Returns:
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bytearray: 读取的数据，如果失败返回None
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"""
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if not self.connected and not self.connect():
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self.logger.warning(f"Read failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
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return None # 返回None而不是零填充数据
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try:
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with self.lock: # 进入锁，其他线程需等待
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data = self.client.db_read(db_number, offset, size)
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# 验证返回数据的有效性
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if data is None or len(data) != size:
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self.connected = False
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self.logger.error(f"Read DB{db_number} returned invalid data size (expected {size}, got {len(data) if data else 0})")
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return None
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return data
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Read DB{db_number} error: {e}")
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self.connected = False
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return None
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def read_db_bool(self, db_number, offset, bit_length):
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"""
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从 DB 块中读取一个字节，并提取其中的多个 BOOL 位
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Args:
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db_number (int): DB块编号
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offset (int): 要读取的字节偏移地址
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bit_length: 第几位，如1，表示第1位
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Returns:
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result:返回位值
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"""
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if not self.connected and not self.connect():
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self.logger.warning(f"Read failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
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return None # 返回None而不是零填充数据
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try:
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with self.lock:
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data = self.client.db_read(db_number, offset, 1)
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result = {}
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for bit in range(bit_length):
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result[bit] = bool(data[0] & (1 << bit))
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if result is None or len(result) != bit_length:
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self.connected = False
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self.logger.error(f"Read DB{db_number} returned invalid data size (expected {bit_length}, got {len(result) if data else 0})")
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return None
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return result
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Read DB{db_number} error: {e}")
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self.connected = False
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return None
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def write_db(self, db_number, offset, data):
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"""
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向DB块写入数据
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Args:
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db_number: DB编号
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offset: 起始偏移量
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data: 要写入的数据
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Returns:
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bool: 是否写入成功
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"""
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if not self.connected and not self.connect():
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self.logger.warning(f"Write failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
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return False
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try:
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with self.lock:
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self.client.db_write(db_number, offset, data)
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self.logger.debug(f"Wrote {len(data)} bytes to DB{db_number} offset {offset}")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Write DB{db_number} error: {e}")
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self.connected = False
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return False
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def batch_write_db(self, db_number, offset, data):
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"""
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向DB块写入数据
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Args:
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db_number: DB编号
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offset: 起始偏移量
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data: 要写入的数据
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Returns:
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bool: 是否写入成功
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"""
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if not self.connected and not self.connect():
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self.logger.warning(f"Write failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
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return False
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try:
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with self.lock:
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self.client.db_write(db_number, offset, data)
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self.logger.debug(f"Wrote {len(data)} bytes to DB{db_number} offset {offset}")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Write DB{db_number} error: {e}")
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self.connected = False
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return False
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def write_db_bool(self, db_number, offset, data):
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"""
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向DB块写入数据
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Args:
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db_number: DB编号
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offset: 起始偏移量
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data: 要写入的bool类型数据
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Returns:
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bool: 是否写入成功
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"""
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if not self.connected and not self.connect():
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self.logger.warning(f"Write failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
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return False
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try:
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with self.lock:
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self.client.db_write(db_number, offset, data)
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self.logger.debug(f"Wrote {len(data)} bytes to DB{db_number} offset {offset}")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Write DB{db_number} error: {e}")
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self.connected = False
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return False
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def batch_write_db_bool(self, db_number, offset, data):
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"""
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向DB块写入数据
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Args:
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db_number: DB编号
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offset: 起始偏移量
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data: 要写入的bool类型数据
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Returns:
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bool: 是否写入成功
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"""
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if not self.connected and not self.connect():
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self.logger.warning(f"Write failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
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return False
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try:
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with self.lock:
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print(db_number, offset, data)
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self.client.db_write(db_number, offset, data)
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self.logger.debug(f"Wrote {len(data)} bytes to DB{db_number} offset {offset}")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Write DB{db_number} error: {e}")
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self.connected = False
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return False
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def write_generic(self, db_number, offset, data_type, value):
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"""
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通用写入接口，支持多种数据类型
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Args:
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db_number: DB块编号
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offset: 起始偏移量（字节或位，对于bool类型）
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data_type: 数据类型 ('bool', 'byte', 'int', 'word', 'real', 'dint', 'dword')
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value: 要写入的值（可以是单个值或列表）
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Returns:
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bool: 是否写入成功
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"""
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if not self.connected and not self.connect():
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self.logger.warning(f"Write failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
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return False
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try:
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if data_type == 'bool':
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# 对于bool，offset是位偏移
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byte_offset = offset // 8
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bit_offset = offset % 8
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# 读取当前字节
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current_byte = self.read_db(db_number, byte_offset, 1)
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if current_byte is None:
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return False
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# 修改特定位
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if isinstance(value, list):
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# 多个bool值
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for i, val in enumerate(value):
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current_bit = bit_offset + i
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byte_idx = current_bit // 8
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bit_idx = current_bit % 8
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if val:
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current_byte[0] |= (1 << bit_idx)
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else:
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current_byte[0] &= ~(1 << bit_idx)
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else:
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# 单个bool值
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if value:
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current_byte[0] |= (1 << bit_offset)
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else:
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current_byte[0] &= ~(1 << bit_offset)
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# 写回修改后的字节
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return self.write_db_bool(db_number, byte_offset, current_byte)
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elif data_type == 'byte':
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if isinstance(value, list):
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# 批量写入
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for i, val in enumerate(value):
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if val < 0 or val > 255:
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self.logger.error(f"Byte value out of range: {val}")
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return False
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if not self.write_db(db_number, offset + i, bytes([val])):
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return False
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return True
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else:
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# 单个字节
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if value < 0 or value > 255:
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self.logger.error(f"Byte value out of range: {value}")
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return False
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return self.write_db(db_number, offset, bytes([value]))
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elif data_type in ['int', 'word']:
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if not isinstance(value, list):
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value = [value]
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for i, val in enumerate(value):
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# 确保int值在范围内
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if data_type == 'int' and (val < -32768 or val > 32767):
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self.logger.error(f"Int value out of range: {val}")
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return False
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elif data_type == 'word' and (val < 0 or val > 65535):
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self.logger.error(f"Word value out of range: {val}")
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return False
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data = bytearray(2)
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if data_type == 'int':
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set_int(data, 0, val)
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else:
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set_word(data, 0, val)
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if not self.write_db(db_number, offset + i * 2, data):
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return False
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return True
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elif data_type in ['dint', 'dword', 'real']:
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if not isinstance(value, list):
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value = [value]
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for i, val in enumerate(value):
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data = bytearray(4)
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if data_type == 'dint':
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if val < -2147483648 or val > 2147483647:
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self.logger.error(f"DInt value out of range: {val}")
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return False
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set_dint(data, 0, val)
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elif data_type == 'dword':
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if val < 0 or val > 4294967295:
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self.logger.error(f"DWord value out of range: {val}")
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return False
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set_dword(data, 0, val)
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else: # real
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set_real(data, 0, float(val))
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if not self.write_db(db_number, offset + i * 4, data):
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return False
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return True
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else:
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self.logger.error(f"Unsupported data type: {data_type}")
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return False
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Error writing {data_type} to DB{db_number} offset {offset}: {e}")
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return False
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# -----------------
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# 新增
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# -----------------
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def cache_large_data_block(self, db_number, offset, size=6000):
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"""
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一次性读取指定大小的数据并缓存
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参数:
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db_number: DB块编号
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start_offset: 起始偏移量
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size: 要读取的字节数，默认6000
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返回值:
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成功返回True，失败返回False
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"""
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try:
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self.data_cache = self.read_db(db_number, offset, size)
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if self.data_cache is not None:
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self.cache_db_number = db_number
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self.cache_offset = offset
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self.logger.info(f"Successfully cached {size} bytes from DB{db_number} starting at offset {offset}")
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return True
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else:
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self.logger.error(f"Failed to cache {size} bytes from DB{db_number} starting at offset {offset}")
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return False
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"Error caching data: {e}")
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return False
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def read_db_from_file_cache(self, db_number, offset, required_size, cache_file):
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"""
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通用文件缓存读取：从指定文件读取DB块缓存，返回需要的字节片段
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参数:
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db_number: DB块编号
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offset: 需要读取的起始偏移（字节）
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required_size: 需要读取的字节数
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cache_file: 缓存文件名（动态生成）
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返回值:
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bytearray | None: 所需的字节片段，失败返回None
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"""
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try:
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# 1. 读取缓存文件内容
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with open(cache_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
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content = f.read()
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# 2. 定位"原始字节数据："行（匹配DB100ReaderThread的文件格式）
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db_match = False
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data_line = None
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for line in content.splitlines():
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if f"DB{db_number}" in line and "区域信息" in line:
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db_match = True
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if db_match and "原始字节数据：" in line:
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data_line = line.strip()
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break
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if not db_match or not data_line:
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self.logger.error(f"文件缓存中无DB{db_number}的有效数据（文件：{cache_file}）")
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return None
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# 3. 提取字节列表字符串（如"[16,0,0,...]"）
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list_start = data_line.find("[")
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list_end = data_line.find("]") + 1 # 包含闭合括号
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if list_start == -1 or list_end == 0:
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self.logger.error(f"❌ DB{db_number}缓存文件格式错误：未找到有效字节列表")
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return None
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byte_list_str = data_line[list_start:list_end]
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# 4. 解析字符串为整数列表，再转成bytearray
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byte_list = ast.literal_eval(byte_list_str)
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# 验证列表有效性（必须是0-255的整数）
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if not isinstance(byte_list, list) or not all(
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isinstance(b, int) and 0 <= b <= 255 for b in byte_list
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):
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self.logger.error(f"❌ DB{db_number}缓存文件数据无效：字节列表包含非整数或超出范围值")
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return None
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# 5. 验证数据长度（至少满足DB100的6000字节）
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if len(byte_list) < required_size:
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self.logger.warning(f"⚠️ DB{db_number}缓存文件数据不完整（仅{len(byte_list)}字节，期望{required_size}字节）")
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self.logger.debug(f"✅ 从缓存文件读取DB{db_number}数据（{len(byte_list)}字节）")
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return bytearray(byte_list)
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except FileNotFoundError:
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self.logger.warning(f"⚠️ DB{db_number}缓存文件不存在：{cache_file}")
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return None
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except ast.literal_eval.Error as e:
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self.logger.error(f"❌ 解析DB{db_number}字节列表失败: {e}")
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return None
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except Exception as e:
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self.logger.error(f"❌ 读取DB{db_number}缓存文件异常: {e}", exc_info=True)
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return None
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def read_generic(self, db_number, offset, data_type, cache_file, count=1):
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"""
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通用读取接口（改进）：
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- DB100：优先从缓存文件读取 → 再内存缓存 → 最后PLC
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- 其他DB块：保持原逻辑（内存缓存→PLC）
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"""
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# 1、处理DB数据块：优先从缓存文件读取
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raw_data = None
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if raw_data is None:
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cache_file = cache_file
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raw_data = self.read_db_from_file_cache(db_number, offset, count, cache_file)
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if raw_data is not None:
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print(f"从缓存文件中读取DB{db_number}的数据")
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self.logger.debug(f"从文件缓存读取DB{db_number}（文件：{cache_file}）")
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try:
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if data_type == 'bool':
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# 对于bool，offset是位偏移
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start_byte = offset // 8
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start_bit_in_byte = offset % 8
|
||
|
||
# 计算需要读取的字节数
|
||
end_bit = offset + count - 1
|
||
end_byte = end_bit // 8
|
||
# 检查数据长度是否足够
|
||
if end_byte >= len(raw_data):
|
||
self.logger.warning(
|
||
f"⚠️ DB{db_number}缓存文件数据不足：需要字节{end_byte}，实际{len(raw_data)}字节")
|
||
else:
|
||
result = [] # 用于存储解析出的bool值
|
||
for i in range(count):
|
||
current_global_bit = offset + i
|
||
current_byte = current_global_bit // 8
|
||
current_bit = current_global_bit % 8
|
||
result.append(bool(raw_data[current_byte] & (1 << current_bit)))
|
||
return result[0] if count == 1 else result
|
||
|
||
elif data_type == 'byte':
|
||
if offset + count > len(raw_data):
|
||
self.logger.warning(
|
||
f"⚠️ DB100缓存文件数据不足：需要偏移{offset}+{count}字节，实际{len(raw_data)}字节")
|
||
else:
|
||
data = raw_data[offset:offset + count]
|
||
return [b for b in data] if count > 1 else data[0]
|
||
|
||
elif data_type in ['int', 'word']:
|
||
byte_per_data = 2
|
||
total_bytes = byte_per_data * count
|
||
if offset + total_bytes > len(raw_data):
|
||
self.logger.warning(
|
||
f"⚠️ DB100缓存文件数据不足：需要偏移{offset}+{total_bytes}字节，实际{len(raw_data)}字节")
|
||
else:
|
||
result = []
|
||
for i in range(count):
|
||
start = offset + i * byte_per_data
|
||
slice_data = raw_data[start:start + byte_per_data]
|
||
result.append(get_int(slice_data, 0) if data_type == 'int' else get_word(slice_data, 0))
|
||
return result[0] if count == 1 else result
|
||
|
||
elif data_type in ['dint', 'dword', 'real']:
|
||
byte_per_data = 4
|
||
total_bytes = byte_per_data * count
|
||
if offset + total_bytes > len(raw_data):
|
||
self.logger.warning(
|
||
f"⚠️ DB100缓存文件数据不足：需要偏移{offset}+{total_bytes}字节，实际{len(raw_data)}字节")
|
||
else:
|
||
result = []
|
||
for i in range(count):
|
||
start = offset + i * byte_per_data
|
||
slice_data = raw_data[start:start + byte_per_data]
|
||
if data_type == 'dint':
|
||
result.append(get_dint(slice_data, 0))
|
||
elif data_type == 'dword':
|
||
result.append(get_dword(slice_data, 0))
|
||
else: # real
|
||
result.append(get_real(slice_data, 0))
|
||
return result[0] if count == 1 else result
|
||
|
||
# 1.5 不支持的数据类型
|
||
else:
|
||
self.logger.error(f"❌ 不支持的数据类型：{data_type}")
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
self.logger.error(f"❌ 解析DB{db_number}缓存文件数据异常（类型：{data_type}，偏移：{offset}）: {e}",
|
||
exc_info=True)
|
||
|
||
# 文件读取失败，fallback到原逻辑（内存缓存→PLC）
|
||
self.logger.debug(f"⚠️ DB{db_number}缓存文件读取失败， fallback到内存缓存/PLC")
|
||
|
||
# 缓存读取失败或未启用缓存，直接从PLC读取
|
||
if not self.connected and not self.connect():
|
||
self.logger.warning(f"Read failed: not connected to {self.ip}")
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
try:
|
||
print(f"从PLC中读取DB{db_number}的数据")
|
||
if data_type == 'bool':
|
||
# 对于bool，offset是位偏移
|
||
byte_offset = offset // 8
|
||
bit_offset = offset % 8
|
||
# 计算需要读取的字节数
|
||
last_bit = bit_offset + count - 1
|
||
last_byte = last_bit // 8
|
||
total_bytes = last_byte - byte_offset + 1
|
||
|
||
# 读取原始字节数据
|
||
data = self.read_db(db_number, byte_offset, total_bytes)
|
||
if data is None:
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
# 解析bool值
|
||
result = []
|
||
for i in range(count):
|
||
curr_bit = bit_offset + i
|
||
byte_idx = curr_bit // 8
|
||
bit_idx = curr_bit % 8
|
||
result.append(bool(data[byte_idx] & (1 << bit_idx)))
|
||
|
||
return result[0] if count == 1 else result
|
||
|
||
elif data_type == 'byte':
|
||
data = self.read_db(db_number, offset, count)
|
||
if data is None:
|
||
return None
|
||
return [data[i] for i in range(count)] if count > 1 else data[0]
|
||
|
||
elif data_type in ['int', 'word']:
|
||
|
||
total_bytes = 2 * count
|
||
data = self.read_db(db_number, offset, total_bytes)
|
||
if data is None:
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
result = []
|
||
for i in range(count):
|
||
if data_type == 'int':
|
||
result.append(get_int(data, i * 2))
|
||
else: # word
|
||
result.append(get_word(data, i * 2))
|
||
return result[0] if count == 1 else result
|
||
|
||
elif data_type in ['dint', 'dword', 'real']:
|
||
total_bytes = 4 * count
|
||
data = self.read_db(db_number, offset, total_bytes)
|
||
if data is None:
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
result = []
|
||
for i in range(count):
|
||
if data_type == 'dint':
|
||
result.append(get_dint(data, i * 4))
|
||
elif data_type == 'dword':
|
||
result.append(get_dword(data, i * 4))
|
||
else: # real
|
||
result.append(get_real(data, i * 4))
|
||
return result[0] if count == 1 else result
|
||
|
||
else:
|
||
self.logger.error(f"Unsupported data type: {data_type}")
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
self.logger.error(f"Error reading {data_type} from DB{db_number} offset {offset}: {e}")
|
||
return None
|
||
|
||
|
||
|