# trajectory_3d.py import numpy as np def circle_trajectory_3d(center=(0, 0, 50), radius=30, axis='xy', num_points=200): """ 3D 圆形轨迹(可指定平面) 参数: center: 圆心 (x, y, z) radius: 半径 axis: 'xy', 'yz', 'xz' 平面 num_points: 点数 返回: x_list, y_list, z_list """ angles = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, num_points) cx, cy, cz = center if axis == 'xy': x_list = cx + radius * np.cos(angles) y_list = cy + radius * np.sin(angles) z_list = cz + np.zeros(num_points) elif axis == 'yz': x_list = cx + np.zeros(num_points) y_list = cy + radius * np.cos(angles) z_list = cz + radius * np.sin(angles) elif axis == 'xz': x_list = cx + radius * np.cos(angles) y_list = cy + np.zeros(num_points) z_list = cz + radius * np.sin(angles) else: raise ValueError("axis must be 'xy', 'yz', or 'xz'") return x_list, y_list, z_list def line_trajectory_3d(start=(40, 0, 0), end=(120, 0, 60), num_points=100): """ 3D 直线轨迹 """ t = np.linspace(0, 1, num_points) x_list = start[0] + t * (end[0] - start[0]) y_list = start[1] + t * (end[1] - start[1]) z_list = start[2] + t * (end[2] - start[2]) return x_list, y_list, z_list def line_trajectory_3d_uniform_speed(start=(40, 0, 0), end=(120, 60, 60), vx=0.1, vy=0.1, vz=0.05, num_points=20): """ 匀速 3D 斜线轨迹,按速度分量生成 """ speed = np.sqrt(vx ** 2 + vy ** 2 + vz ** 2) if speed == 0: raise ValueError("速度不能为零") # 计算距离和总时间 dx = end[0] - start[0] dy = end[1] - start[1] dz = end[2] - start[2] distance = np.sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2 + dz ** 2) total_time = distance / speed t = np.linspace(0, total_time, num_points) x_list = start[0] + vx * t y_list = start[1] + vy * t z_list = start[2] + vz * t return x_list, y_list, z_list def ellipse_trajectory_3d(center=(0, 0, 50), rx=50, ry=25, axis='xy', num_points=200): """ 3D 椭圆轨迹 """ angles = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, num_points) cx, cy, cz = center if axis == 'xy': x_list = cx + rx * np.cos(angles) y_list = cy + ry * np.sin(angles) z_list = cz + np.zeros(num_points) elif axis == 'yz': x_list = cx + np.zeros(num_points) y_list = cy + rx * np.cos(angles) z_list = cz + ry * np.sin(angles) elif axis == 'xz': x_list = cx + rx * np.cos(angles) y_list = cy + np.zeros(num_points) z_list = cz + ry * np.sin(angles) else: raise ValueError("axis must be 'xy', 'yz', or 'xz'") return x_list, y_list, z_list def helix_trajectory(center=(0, 0, 0), radius=30, height=100, turns=2, num_points=200): """ 螺旋轨迹(沿 Z 轴上升) """ t = np.linspace(0, turns * 2 * np.pi, num_points) z_list = center[2] + height * t / (turns * 2 * np.pi) x_list = center[0] + radius * np.cos(t) y_list = center[1] + radius * np.sin(t) return x_list, y_list, z_list def square_trajectory_3d(side=60, center=(80, 0, 50), axis='xy', num_points=80): """ 3D 正方形轨迹(指定平面) """ x_list, y_list, z_list = [], [], [] cx, cy, cz = center half = side / 2 if axis == 'xy': corners = [ (cx - half, cy - half, cz), (cx + half, cy - half, cz), (cx + half, cy + half, cz), (cx - half, cy + half, cz), (cx - half, cy - half, cz) ] elif axis == 'yz': corners = [ (cx, cy - half, cz - half), (cx, cy + half, cz - half), (cx, cy + half, cz + half), (cx, cy - half, cz + half), (cx, cy - half, cz - half) ] elif axis == 'xz': corners = [ (cx - half, cy, cz - half), (cx + half, cy, cz - half), (cx + half, cy, cz + half), (cx - half, cy, cz + half), (cx - half, cy, cz - half) ] else: raise ValueError("axis must be 'xy', 'yz', or 'xz'") points_per_side = num_points // 4 for i in range(4): x_start, y_start, z_start = corners[i] x_end, y_end, z_end = corners[i + 1] t = np.linspace(0, 1, points_per_side) x_list.extend(x_start + t * (x_end - x_start)) y_list.extend(y_start + t * (y_end - y_start)) z_list.extend(z_start + t * (z_end - z_start)) return np.array(x_list), np.array(y_list), np.array(z_list) def custom_trajectory_3d(custom_x, custom_y, custom_z): """ 自定义 3D 轨迹 """ return np.array(custom_x), np.array(custom_y), np.array(custom_z)